Ubuntu2204 搭建 OpenHarmony 命令行开发环境,如何搭建android开发环境

2023-10-26 12:22:17 终极管理员知识笔记 97阅读

文章目录简介安装工具链获取gitee源码安装编译工具编译测试

简介

Ubuntu2204 搭建 OpenHarmony 命令行开发环境,如何搭建android开发环境

在本文中我们将介绍如何使用命令行工具在你的设备上安装OpenHarmony操作系统。OpenHarmony是一个开源的、面向物联网IoT设备的操作系统它提供了一套全面的开发框架使得开发者可以更容易地创建和部署IoT应用。

在本次安装中使用的电脑是基于Ubuntu22的物理机器按照官方文档的说明优先推荐的方式是使用 DevEco Studio 进行开发这种方式使用Windows 做前端Linux 虚拟机作为编译后端对于Linux 不熟悉的新手来说比较友好与此同时也限制了使用的环境例如 DevEco Device Tool 目前无法在Ubuntu22 上安装成功因为 Ubuntu22 中默认的 Python 版本是3.10Python版本不匹配我尝试修改 DevEco Device Tool 中的部分文件并跳过完整性检查依然无法安装。

相比使用GUI的方式我更习惯使用命令行进行编译简单高效且灵活度更高Linux有很多的发行版本Ubuntu 在国内普通用户使用的最多的同时也是最受欢迎的版本但并不是每一个人都会使用Ubuntu想要再 Ubuntu22 或者其他Linux 系统上编译这应该是唯一的选择由用户自己来解决依赖的缺失问题。

安装工具链默认情况下Ubuntu中使用的脚本解释器是dash终端输入ls -l //sh查看链接文件指向的位置输入如下指令选择No需要将其替换为bash

sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash

使用如下apt-get命令安装后续操作所需的库和工具

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install utils utils-dev git git-lfs gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev gcc-multilib g-multilib gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi libc6-dev-i386 libc6-dev-amd64 lib32ncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32z1-dev ccache libgl1-mesa-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc unzip m4 bc gnutls- python3.10 python3-pip ruby genext2fs device-tree-compiler make libffi-dev e2fsprogs pkg-config perl openssl libssl-dev libelf-dev libdwarf-dev u-boot-tools mtd-utils cpio doxygen liblz4-tool openjdk-8-jre gcc g texinfo dosfstools mtools default-jre default-jdk libncurses5 apt-utils wget scons python3.10-distutils tar rsync git-core libxml2-dev lib32z-dev grsync xxd libglib2.0-dev libpixman-1-dev kmod jfsutils reiserfsprogs xfsprogs squashfs-tools pcmciautils quota ppp libtinfo-dev libtinfo5 libncurses5-dev libncursesw5 libstdc6 gcc-arm-none-eabi vim ssh locales libxinerama-dev libxcursor-dev libxrandr-dev libxi-dev git git-lfs

将Python3.10设置为Python与Python3的默认版本

which python3.10                                    # 查看python3.10的位置

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr//python python {Python 3.10 路径} 1sudo update-alternatives --install /usr//python3 python3 {Python 3.10 路径} 1

获取gitee源码首先需要下载gitee的repo工具:

curl  -o repo chmod ax reposudo mv repo /usr//pip3 install -i  requests

OpenHarmony主干代码获取

repo init -u  -b master --no-repo-verifyrepo sync -crepo forall -c git lfs pull

在源码根目录下执行prebuilts脚本安装编译器及二进制工具:

bash build/prebuilts_download.sh

安装编译工具在源码根目录运行如下命令安装hb并更新至最新版本:

python3 -m pip install --user build/hb

设置环境变量:

echo export PATH~/.local/:\$PATH >> ~/.bashrcsource ~/.bashrc

按照官方的说法在源码目录执行hb help界面打印以下信息即表示安装成功

[OHOS INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[OHOS INFO] usage: hb build [option][OHOS INFO] [OHOS INFO] options:[OHOS INFO]   -h, --help            show this help message and exit[OHOS INFO]   --target-cpu {arm,arm64,x86_64,x64}[OHOS INFO]                         Default:. Help:Specifies the desired cpu architecture for the build, each may support different cpu architectures, run hb set --all to list product all supported cpu architectures[OHOS INFO]   --target-os {android,ios}[OHOS INFO]                         Default:. Help:Specifies the desired os type for the build, each may support different os type, run hb set --all to list product all supported os type[OHOS INFO]   -p PRODUCT_NAME, --product-name PRODUCT_NAME[OHOS INFO]                         Default:. Help:Build a specified product. You could use this option like this: 1.hb build --product-name rk3568hihope 2.hb build --product-name rk3568...

下面是我尝试编译时遇到的问题找不到Mapping

[OHOS ERROR] Traceback (most recent call last):[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/software/OpenHarmony/build/hb/containers/status.py, line 47, in wrapper[OHOS ERROR]     return func(*args, **kwargs)[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/software/OpenHarmony/build/hb/main.py, line 112, in main[OHOS ERROR]     module  main._init_set_module()[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/software/OpenHarmony/build/hb/main.py, line 83, in _init_set_module[OHOS ERROR]     from services.menu import Menu[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/software/OpenHarmony/build/hb/services/menu.py, line 25, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from prompt_toolkit.shortcuts import run_application[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/__init__.py, line 16, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from .interface import CommandLineInterface[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/interface.py, line 19, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from .application import Application, AbortAction[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/application.py, line 8, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from .key_ding.dings.basic import load_basic_dings[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/key_ding/dings/basic.py, line 9, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from prompt_toolkit.renderer import HeightIsUnknownError[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/renderer.py, line 11, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from prompt_toolkit.styles import Style[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/styles/__init__.py, line 8, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from .from_dict import *[OHOS ERROR]   File /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/styles/from_dict.py, line 9, in <module>[OHOS ERROR]     from collections import Mapping[OHOS ERROR] ImportError: cannot import name Mapping from collections (/usr/lib/python3.10/collections/__init__.py)[OHOS ERROR] [OHOS ERROR] Code:      0000[OHOS ERROR] [OHOS ERROR] Reason:    cannot import name Mapping from collections (/usr/lib/python3.10/collections/__init__.py)[OHOS ERROR] [OHOS ERROR] Solution:  no solution[OHOS ERROR]

这是由于Python3.10中collections中已经不再包含Mapping需要将 /home/lhq/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/styles/from_dict.py 中的第9行进行替换

from collections import Mapping      # 原有代码from collections.abc import Mapping  # 替换后的代码

编译测试设置编译路径并选择需要编译的目标

hb set

输入后系统类型选择 small目标板选择 qemu_small_system_demo 编译

hb build

输出如下信息即代表编译成功

[OHOS INFO] --------------------------------------------[OHOS INFO] ccache summary:[OHOS INFO] ccache version: 4.5.1[OHOS INFO] cache hit (direct): 18[OHOS INFO] cache hit (preprocessed): 24[OHOS INFO] cache miss: 18[OHOS INFO] hit rate: 70.00% [OHOS INFO] miss rate: 30.00% [OHOS INFO] Cache size (GB): 4.96 / 100.00 (4.96 %)[OHOS INFO] ---------------------------------------------[OHOS INFO] c targets overlap rate statistics[OHOS INFO] subsystem           files NO.       percentage      builds NO.      percentage      overlap rate[OHOS INFO] arkui                    178        3.9%         178        3.9%    1.00[OHOS INFO] communication            295        6.5%         295        6.5%    1.00[OHOS INFO] graphic                   34        0.8%          34        0.8%    1.00[OHOS INFO] hdf                      232        5.1%         232        5.1%    1.00[OHOS INFO] hiviewdfx                 14        0.3%          14        0.3%    1.00[OHOS INFO] kernel                  2169        48.0%       2169        48.0%   1.00[OHOS INFO] powermgr                   1        0.0%           1        0.0%    1.00[OHOS INFO] security                 308        6.8%         308        6.8%    1.00[OHOS INFO] startup                  113        2.5%         113        2.5%    1.00[OHOS INFO] systemabilitymgr          22        0.5%          22        0.5%    1.00[OHOS INFO] thirdparty              1119        24.7%       1119        24.7%   1.00[OHOS INFO] window                    18        0.4%          18        0.4%    1.00[OHOS INFO] [OHOS INFO] c overall build overlap rate: 1.00[OHOS INFO] [OHOS INFO] [OHOS INFO] qemu_small_system_demo build success[OHOS INFO] Cost time:  0:00:16

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